Longitudinal and temporal water temperature patterns in the Yangtze River and its influence on spawning of the Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis Gray 1835)

In this study, water temperature longitudinal and temporal patterns were investigated in four locations of the Yangtze River to identify their influence on spawning of the Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis Gray 1835). The results showed that, historically (1960–1980), the four locations, Pingshan (PS, 2,687 river kilometres [rkm]), Yichang (YC, 1,640 rkm), Chenglingji (CLJ, 1,265 rkm), and Hukou (HK, 805 rkm), all had similar average annual water temperatures (around 18.0 °C) but very different amplitudes: The upper two locations, PS (11.4–23.2 °C) and YC (9.1–25.9 °C), were relatively stable and had smaller amplitude than the lower two ones, CLJ (6.0–30.0 °C) and HK (5.9–30.8 °C). On the basis of the physiological effects for Chinese sturgeon, we defined three water temperature ranges: stressing (>23 °C), holding (23–20 °C), and spawning (20–16 °C). We found that the upper two locations with successful spawning of the Chinese sturgeon (PS and YC) had short or no stressing period but long holding and spawning periods. Currently (2013–2016), the impoundment of the Three Gorges Reservoir increases the time for water temperature decreasing to 20 °C at the current spawning ground (YC) in autumn, which increases the stressing and holding periods, and has significant negative impact on the spawning of Chinese sturgeon. Nonetheless, considering the very high stressing temperature and the short duration of the holding and spawning periods at CLJ and HK, we propose that YC is still the most suitable spawning location for the Chinese sturgeon.     

Gerontechnology acceptance by elderly Hong Kong Chinese: a senior technology acceptance model (STAM)

The purpose of this study was to develop and test a senior technology acceptance model (STAM) aimed at understanding the acceptance of gerontechnology by older Hong Kong Chinese people. The proposed STAM extended previous technology acceptance models and theories by adding age-related health and ability characteristics of older people. The proposed STAM was empirically tested using a cross-sectional questionnaire survey with a sample of 1012 seniors aged 55 and over in Hong Kong. The result showed that STAM was strongly supported and could explain 68% of the variance in the use of gerontechnology. For older Hong Kong Chinese, individual attributes, which include age, gender, education, gerontechnology self-efficacy and anxiety, and health and ability characteristics, as well as facilitating conditions explicitly and directly affected technology acceptance. These were better predictors of gerontechnology usage behaviour (UB) than the conventionally used attitudinal factors (usefulness and ease of use).

Practitioner Summary: Previous studies have not given much consideration to age-related health and associated abilities when examining acceptance of technology by the ageing population. By encompassing conventional technology acceptance constructs together with age-related health and ability characteristics, the present study was able to identify more factors affecting gerontechnology acceptance by older Hong Kong Chinese.     

中国古陶瓷碗底足的变迁及其原因

碗底足的变迁是整个古陶瓷历史变迁的一个缩影。底足鉴定是古陶瓷鉴定的一个重要组成部分。针对碗底足变化的主要特征和碗底足变迁的主要原因，深入浅出地论述了碗底足经历的平底和圈足两大发展阶段，以及推动碗底足发生演变的窑炉技术、装烧方法、成型工艺等制瓷工艺原因和社会经济文化原因。     

中国日用陶瓷品牌建设研究

分析了中国日用陶瓷品牌建设的现状，认为中国日用陶瓷企业由于缺乏知名品牌，特别是缺乏国际知名品牌，在全球市场竞争中处于不利地住。论证了品牌建设与中国日用陶瓷发展的关系，提出了加强中国日用陶瓷品牌建设的对策。     

《赤山湖湖条》解读与赤山湖管理分析

历史上赤山湖作为秦淮河流域的重要水利枢纽,它不仅承担着湖区周边及秦淮河下游的灌溉防洪功能,还在长期用水管理过程中,形成以"五尺水则"为代表的有效管理制度。本文通过对《赤山湖湖条》内容的解读,从工程管理、用水管理和经费管理等方面对赤山湖的水利管理进行历史考察,探究赤山湖功能发挥与湖区管理体系密不可分的关系,为现代水利工程尤其是河湖工程管理提供一定的借鉴和参考。     

元明青花红绿彩的研究与考证

青花红绿彩作为加彩器的一种,比传统的观点早一个朝代,根据明中青花红绿彩盖罐结合最新的窑址考古成果,得出元代的窑炉设计和釉面配方的缺陷,使元代青花红绿彩的生产和存世极少,明官窑中由于斗彩的出现,青花红绿彩在民间一直沿烧。与元代风格相近,只是到了后期风格才大变。     

TCDCANa的合成及抗菌抗炎作用研究

以鹅去氧胆酸(CDCA)和牛磺酸为基本原料合成了牛磺鹅去氧胆酸钠(TCDCANa),以萃取和重结晶法提纯,收率63.4%,w(TCDCANa)≥92%,以TLC和IR法确定了其结构。并将牛磺鹅去氧胆酸钠与鹅去氧胆酸钠(CDCANa)进行了抗菌、抗炎和镇咳对比实验。药效实验结果为:TCDCANa和CDCANa均具有抗革兰阳性菌作用(抑菌环直径分别为2.46±0.08cm和1.91±0.13cm),抗炎作用抑制率分别为(79.1±25.4)%和(71.2±23.1)%,镇咳作用减咳率分别为(29.1±5.6)%和(18.2±6.8)%,牛磺鹅去氧胆酸钠与鹅去氧胆酸钠间存在显著性差异。药效实验表明,TCDCANa具明显的镇咳、平喘和抗菌作用,其作用强于CDCANa。     

基于启发式搜索与预标注的中文CCG句法分析

针对中文组合范畴语法(CCG)分析困难的特点,研究如何将两种彼此相互独立的技术共同应用在中文CCG句法分析上。首先使用预标注算法,使用对数线性模型通过去除那些概率较低的词汇范畴来对句子的潜在分析空间进行剪枝。然后应用启发式搜索算法进一步加速分析过程。最后从时间效率和分析精度两个维度对所使用的方法进行验证。实验表明,基于启发式搜索与预标注的句法分析算法可以显著地提高分析效率与分析精度。     

黄芩甙纳米乳的制备

研制了黄芩甙纳米乳并对其进行了质量评价。通过绘制伪三元相图优选处方,以肉豆蔻酸异丙酯(IPM)、液体石蜡和维生素E油为油相,蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚(EL-40)为表面活性剂,乙醇为助表面活性剂制备黄芩甙纳米乳,用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、Nicomp388/ZetaPALS激光粒度测定仪分别考察了其形态和粒径;通过恒温加速实验检验了其稳定性。黄芩甙纳米乳在透射电镜下呈圆球形,分布均匀,平均粒径为(35.3±0.27)nm,恒温加速实验结果显示其未分层,仍为澄清透明纳米乳状液。纳米乳质量稳定,能提高黄芩甙的溶解度,且有很好的皮肤渗透性,提高了化妆品在皮肤上的延展性,可望用作皮肤化妆品基质。     

基于FSVM脱机手写体汉字分类识别研究

针对脱机手写体汉字特点,给出一种采用模糊支持向量机粗分类的方法。根据小波分解像素密度特征,利用模糊支持向量机对汉字进行粗分类。细分类识别提取外围特征,同时融合小波多网格特征,采用一对多算法进行细识别。仿真实验表明,该方法有较高识别率。